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block & line cheat sheet

Contact: Chris Waterson (waterson@netscape.com)

Overview

The details of block and line layout are tricky; this document serves as a ``cheat sheet'' that describes how the vagary of different state flags control what's going on. It's a work-in-progress, with questions in red italics. If you know the answer, please pass it along to me so I can update the document.

Objects

This section presents some of the classes involved in block and line reflow, along with important members of each object that control reflow processing.

nsFrame

The base class for all frames.

mFlags

Flags set on the frame to indicate its state. These flags can be grouped into two categories: flags which affect all frames (``public'' flags), and flags that are reserved for an individual frame's private use (``private'' flags).

NS_FRAME_IN_REFLOW

This bit is set when the frame is being actively being reflowed. By default it is set in WillReflow(), and unset in DidReflow(). Many frames' Reflow() method verifies that the bit is set with an assertion.

NS_FRAME_FIRST_REFLOW

This flag is set on a newly created frame, and later cleared by the frame's Reflow() method when the frame has had its inital reflow.

NS_FRAME_SYNC_FRAME_AND_VIEW
NS_FRAME_OUTSIDE_CHILDREN

This flag is set if the combined area of a frame's children extend past the frame's bounding box. (What is a frame's ``bounding box''?) If this flag is set, then mOverflowArea will contain the total area of the frame, including the overflow.

NS_FRAME_EXTERNAL_REFERENCE
NS_FRAME_REPLACED_ELEMENT
NS_FRAME_GENERATED_CONTENT
NS_FRAME_HAS_LOADED_IMAGES
NS_FRAME_OUT_OF_FLOW
NS_FRAME_SELECTED_CONTENT
NS_FRAME_IS_DIRTY
NS_FRAME_IS_UNFLOWABLE

An unflowable frame is an error condition; for example, due to system limitations. Currently, the only way to get an unflowable frame is to have a frame tree that is ``too deep''. (See nsFrame::IsFrameTreeTooDeep().)

NS_FRAME_HAS_DIRTY_CHILDREN
NS_FRAME_HAS_VIEW
NS_FRAME_INDEPENDENT_SELECTION
NS_FRAME_IS_SPECIAL
nsBlockFrame
mFlags

These flags are the private flags that are meaningful to block frames.

NS_BLOCK_SHRINK_WRAP

Causes the block to ``shrink-wrap'' around its content. This means the block will determine its children's width and make its content area that wide. Finally, it will add padding and border to determine the final width.

Is this where the ``tending towards zero width'' stuff comes in?

NS_BLOCK_NO_AUTO_MARGINS
NS_BLOCK_MARGIN_ROOT

Indicates that this is a frame from which child margins can be calculated. The absence of this flag implies that child margin calculations should ignore the frame and look further up the parent chain. Used in nsBlockReflowContext::ComputeCollapsedTopMargin().

This flag causes the nsBlockReflowState's constructor to set the BRS_ISTOPMARGINROOT and BRS_ISBOTTOMMARGINROOT flags.

This is set by default for document, table cell inner, and absolutely positioned wrapper frames.

NS_BLOCK_SPACE_MGR

This indicates that a block frame should create its own space manager. This is required by each block frame that can contain floaters: the space manager is used to reserve space for the floated frames.

This is set by default for document frames, area frames, table cell inner frames, absolutely positioned wrapper frames, and floated frames when the frame is created.

nsLineBox

A block consists of lines and other blocks, stacked vertically. A block frame has one nsLineBox for each line, and one nsLineBox for each block child. These are stored as a doubly-linked list in the mLines member of nsBlockFrame.

nsInlineFrame
mFlags
NS_INLINE_FRAME_CONTAINS_PERCENT_AWARE_CHILD
This flag is set if the inline frame has any children that have a percentage value set (via the style context) for the width or height of the content area, padding, border, or margin.
nsHTMLReflowState

The current state of reflow, built up as reflow recursively descends the frame tree. This is ``passed in'' to a child frame from its parent, and provides the constraints in which the child frame must size itself; e.g. the width and height available to the child frame.

mComputedWidth
mComputedHeight
mComputedMargin
mComputedBorderPadding
mComputedPadding
mComputedOffsets
mComputedMinWidth
mComputedMaxWidth
mComputedMinHeight
mComputedMaxHeight

Given the current container frame and the style applied to the child, these values are the resolved values for the child frame's box.

nsHTMLReflowMetrics

The structure that is ``filled in'' by a frame during reflow, and is used to communicate the frame's desired size information back to its container.

mMaximumWidth

The maximum width that the frame would consume if it were reflowed with an unconstrained available width. It might be better named ``preferred width''.

This is computed when the nsBlockReflowState flag BRS_COMPUTEMAXWIDTH is set.

maxElementWidth

The maximum width for elements within the frame that cannot be broken down further; e.g., the longest word in a paragraph. Note that an out-of-flow frame (e.g., a floater) may affect this value.

This field is a pointer to an nsSize object. When null, the frame need not compute it.

nsBlockReflowState

Additional reflow state information that the block frame uses along with nsHTMLReflowState. Like nsHTMLReflowState, this is read-only data that is passed down from a parent frame to its children.

mFlags
BRS_UNCONSTRAINEDWIDTH

This flag is set in the nsBlockReflowState constructor when:

  1. There is no computed width for the frame in the nsHTMLReflowState, and
  2. the frame being reflowed has been given NS_UNCONSTRAINEDSIZE as its available width in the nsHTMLReflowState.
BRS_UNCONSTRAINEDHEIGHT

This flag is set in the nsBlockReflowState constructor when the frame being reflowed has been given NS_UNCONSTRAINEDSIZE as its available height in the nsHTMLReflowState.

If set, NS_UNCONSTRAINEDSIZE is passed to nsLineLayout as the available height.

BRS_SHRINKWRAPWIDTH
BRS_NEEDRESIZEREFLOW

Related to BRS_SHRINKWRAPWIDTH. Set if we need to force a resize reflow when computing the final size. e.g., because...why?

BRS_ISINLINEINCRREFLOW

This flag is set in nsBlockFrame::Reflow() if we detect that we're incrementally reflowing a linebox that contains inline frames. In this case, we can avoid some of the work that occurs during reflow.

BRS_NOWRAP

This flag is set in the nsBlockReflowState constructor when the ``white-space'' style of the block frame is pre or nowrap. It is cleared, otherwise.

BRS_ISTOPMARGINROOT

This flag is set in the nsBlockReflowState constructor when reflowing a ``block margin root'' frame (i.e., a frame with the NS_BLOCK_MARGIN_ROOT flag set, for which margins apply by default).

The flag is also set when reflowing a frame whose computed top border padding is zero. (why?)

BRS_ISBOTTOMMARGINROOT

This flag is set in the nsBlockReflowState constructor when reflowing a ``block margin root'' frame (i.e., a frame with the NS_BLOCK_MARGIN_ROOT flag set, for which margins apply by default).

The flag is also set when reflowing a frame whose computed bottom border padding is zero. (why?)

BRS_APPLYTOPMARGIN

This flag is set if the top margin should be considered when placing a linebox that contains a block frame. It may be set as a side-effect of calling nsBlockFrame::ShouldApplyTopMargin(); once set, ShouldApplyTopMargin() uses it as a fast-path way to return whether the top margin should apply.

If the flag hasn't been set in the block reflow state, then ShouldApplyTopMargin() will crawl the line list to see if a block frame precedes the specified frame. If so, the top margin should be applied, and the flag set to cache the result. (If not, the top margin will be applied as a result of the generational margin collapsing logic in nsBlockReflowContext::ComputeCollapsedTopMargin(). In this case, the flag won't be set, so subsequent calls to ShouldApplyTopMargin() will continue crawl the line list.)

This flag is also set in the nsBlockReflowState constructor if BRS_ISTOPMARGINROOT is set; that is, if the frame being reflowed is a margin root by default.

BRS_COMPUTEMAXELEMENTSIZE

This flag is set if reflow should recompute an element's maximum size.

It is set in the nsBlockReflowState constructor if the ``maxElementSize'' member of the nsHTMLReflowMetrics object has been provided by (the parent frame?).

BRS_COMPUTEMAXWIDTH

This flag is set if reflow should recompute a frame's maximum width; for example, during first-pass table reflow. When this is set, nsBlockFrame::ReflowLine will flow the first line and each unwrapped line in the block twice.

nsBlockReflowContext

Encapsulates the transient reflow state for a nsLineBox that contains a block frame.

mNextRCFrame

During an incremental reflow, this member holds current frame in the reflow chain.

nsLineLayout

Encapsulates the transient reflow state for a nsLineBox that contains inline frames. A new nsLineLayout object is created for each inline linebox that is flowed.

mFlags
LL_ENDSINWHITESPACE
Set to true by default when starting line layout.
LL_UNDERSTANDSNWHITESPACE
LL_TEXTSTARTSWITHNBSP
LL_FIRSTLETTERSTYLEOK
LL_ISTOPOFPAGE
LL_UPDATEDBAND
LL_IMPACTEDBYFLOATERS
LL_LASTFLOATERWASLETTERFRAME
LL_CANPLACEFLOATER
LL_KNOWSTRICTMODE
LL_INSTRICTMODE
LL_LINEENDSINBR
PerFrameData

(Why isn't this just stored in the frame?)

mFlags
PFD_RELATIVEPOS
PFD_ISTEXTFRAME
PFD_ISNONEMPTYTEXTFRAME
PFD_ISNONWHITESPACETEXTFRAME
PFD_ISLETTERFRAME
PFD_ISSTICKY
PFD_ISBULLET
PerSpanData

In nsLineLayout, a ``span'' is a container inline frame, and a ``frame'' is one of its children. Perhaps PerParentData and PerChildData would be better names?

nsLineLayout::BeginLineReflow creates the initial PerSpanData which is called the ``root span''. nsInlineFrame::ReflowFrames creates a new PerSpanData when it calls nsLineLayout::BeginSpan: at this time, the nsLineLayout object's mCurrentSpan is switched to the new span. The new span records the old mCurrentSpan as its parent. After reflowing the child inline frames, nsInlineFrame::ReflowFrames calls nsLineLayout::EndSpan, which pops the PerSpanData and re-sets mCurrentSpan.

mFirstFrame

The first PerFrameData structure in the span.

mLastFrame

The last PerFrameData structure frame in the span. PerFrameData structures are added to the span as they are reflowed.

mLastFrame may also be directly manipulated if a line is split, or if frames are pushed from one line to the next.

mFrame

The PerFrameData of the inline frame that ``owns'' the span, or null if this is the root span.

mFrame is initialized to the containing inline frame's PerFrameData when a new PerSpanData is pushed in nsLineLayout::BeginSpan.

Valid HTML 4.01!